Explainer: What is COP28 and why is it important
转自：Xinhua
ThisaerialphototakenonOct.30,2023showsthesiteofCox'sBazarwindpowerprojectinBangladesh.Khurushkul,onceasmallvillageinBangladesh'sCox'sBazardistrict,some400kmsoutheastofthecapitalDhaka,boastsBangladesh'sfirstwindpowerplantbuiltbyaChinesecompany.(PhotobySalim/Xinhua)
COP28 will be a milestone moment as it will respond to the first-ever Global Stocktake of the Paris Agreement.
DUBAI,Nov.29(Xinhua)--Morethan70,000delegatesfromaroundtheglobewillgatherhereinthenexttwoweeksforCOP28,theUnitedNations(UN)conferencetaskedwithaddressingoneofthemostpressingchallengesfacingplanetEarth,namelyclimatechange.
HerearesomekeyfactsaboutCOP28andwhyitisofcriticalimportanceforhumanity.
WHAT IS COP28?
COP28standsforthe28thmeetingoftheConferenceoftheParties(COP)totheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC).
InthethreedecadessincetheRioSummitandthelaunchoftheUNFCCC,theconferenceofthepartieshasconvenedeveryyeartodetermineambitionsandresponsibilitiesrelatedtoclimatechange,aswellasassessclimatemeasures.
Theprevioussession,COP27,washeldinSharmEl-Sheikh,Egypt.Anagreementtoestablisha"lossanddamage"fundthenwashailedasamajorbreakthrough.
COP21in2015ledtotheParisAgreement,thelandmarkclimatetreatythatmobilizescollectiveactiontolimitglobaltemperatureincreaseto1.5degreesCelciusabovepre-industriallevels.
TheupcomingeventinDubai,UnitedArabEmirates(UAE),willlastfromNov.30toDec.12asleadersfromgovernments,businessesandcivilsocietiesmeettoseekconcretesolutionstoclimatechange.
FirefightersbattleawildfireinAgiaSotira,awesternsuburbofAthens,Greece,onJuly20,2023.Forthefourthconsecutiveday,thewildfirescontinuetoravagehousesandforestsinthewesternpartofAthens.(PhotobyLefterisPartsalis/Xinhua)
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?
Climatedisastersacrosstheworldthisyearhavewarnedusonceagainoftheurgencytoaddressclimatechange.
InJuly,theworld'shottestmonthonrecord,UNSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterreswarnedthattheeraofglobalwarminghasendedand"theeraofglobalboilinghasarrived."
COP28willbeamilestonemomentasitwillrespondtothefirst-everGlobalStocktakeoftheParisAgreement.
AsamechanismcreatedundertheParisAgreement,theGlobalStocktakerequiresthatcountriesassesstheirclimatemeasureseveryfiveyears.Theoutcomeprovidesinputfornewnationallydeterminedcontributionsofparties.
ReportsonthestocktakesofarhaveshownthatwhiletheParisAgreementhasspurredactiononclimatechange,currentpoliciesandpromisestocutgreenhousegasemissionsarenotsufficient.
AsdelegatesintheUAEwillassesshowfarofftracktheyarefrommeetingthepromisestostopglobalwarming,COP28isexpectedtobeapivotalopportunitytocorrectcourseandaccelerateaction.
THEMATIC PROGRAMS
DubaiishostingCOP28initsExpoCity,andtherearetwomainsitesfortheevents--theBlueZoneandtheGreenZone.
TheUN-managedBlueZoneisopentoaccrediteddelegatesandithostsformalnegotiationsaswellastheWorldClimateActionSummitandcountrypavilions.
TheGreenZonemanagedbytheCOP28UAEPresidencyoffersaplatformtonon-accrediteddelegatesfromyouthgroups,NGOs,theprivatesectorandindigenousgroupstohavetheirvoicesheard.
Scheduledthematicprogramscoverkeyclimate-relatedissuesincludingfast-trackingajust,orderlyandequitableenergytransitionanddeliveringfundsforclimateaction.
Eventsthatfocusonputtingnature,livesandlivelihoodsatthecenterofclimateactionandmobilizingforthemostinclusiveCOParealsoontheagenda.
ThisaerialphototakenonNov.16,2023showstheDingdongpowindpower-photovoltaicprojectinShiqianCountyofTongrenCity,southwestChina'sGuizhouProvince.(Xinhua/YangWenbin)
STICKING POINTS
ItishopedthatCOP28willhelpkeepalivethegoaloflimitinglong-termglobaltemperatureriseto1.5degreesCelcius,aswasagreedintheParisAgreement.
Achievingthisgoaldependslargelyonaneffectivetransitioningfromfossilfuelstocleanenergysources.
However,countriesremaindividedoverhowtotackletheunsustainableuseoffossilfuelsandthepaceofshiftingtogreenenergysourceswillbeahottopicfordiscussionandnegotiation.
Inthemeantime,whiletheneedtoprovidefinancialassistancetonationsmostvulnerabletoandmostimpactedbytheeffectsofclimatechangehasbeenagreedupon,thefulfillmentoffinancialcommitmentsremainsincomplete.
编辑：高佳槐